問:上海地源熱泵發展(zhan)前景怎么樣?
答(da):上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)屬于亞熱(re)(re)(re)帶季風氣(qi)候,冬冷(leng)(leng)夏(xia)(xia)熱(re)(re)(re),需要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)和供暖(nuan)的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)都(dou)比較長,而春秋兩(liang)季氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)宜人(ren)的(de)(de)時(shi)段(duan)正(zheng)好都(dou)比較短,全年的(de)(de)室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)調節需求(qiu)大且持續,夏(xia)(xia)季制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)和冬季供暖(nuan)的(de)(de)需求(qiu)基本(ben)持平(ping),淺層(ceng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)冷(leng)(leng)熱(re)(re)(re)負(fu)荷相(xiang)對(dui)均衡(heng)。一(yi)些小型別墅地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)工程,鉆(zhan)井(jing)的(de)(de)范圍(wei)不大,地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)很快就自動熱(re)(re)(re)平(ping)衡(heng),無需另外(wai)做(zuo)熱(re)(re)(re)平(ping)衡(heng)計算。目前國內(nei)的(de)(de)淺層(ceng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)能的(de)(de)開發應用(yong)(yong)80%集中在(zai)(zai)在(zai)(zai)華北(bei)和東北(bei)南部,主要(yao)(yao)包括(kuo)北(bei)京、天(tian)津(jin)、河(he)北(bei)、遼寧、河(he)南、山(shan)東等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu),相(xiang)對(dui)來說(shuo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)還比較少(shao)。上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)屬于沖積平(ping)原,地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)層(ceng)200米(mi)以(yi)內(nei)主要(yao)(yao)是泥沙層(ceng)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)需要(yao)(yao)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)打井(jing)80~100米(mi)深,,而上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)這種泥沙非常適合(he)鉆(zhan)井(jing)作業,從而大大降(jiang)低了地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)打井(jing)的(de)(de)成本(ben)花費,所以(yi)說(shuo)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)質條(tiao)件是適合(he)安裝地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)(beng)。
不久前國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源局印發(fa)的《地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)開發(fa)利用(yong)(yong)“十三五”規(gui)劃(hua)》中,針對上海市提(ti)出(chu)了(le)“十三五”期(qi)間新增(zeng)淺層地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供(gong)暖(nuan)(制冷)面(mian)積2700萬平(ping)方(fang)米的規(gui)劃(hua)。這是我國(guo)首個地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)開發(fa)利用(yong)(yong)規(gui)劃(hua),展(zhan)現(xian)了(le)國(guo)家對地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)前所未有的重視
地利,地質環境優勢
上(shang)(shang)海地(di)(di)處(chu)長江(jiang)三角洲沖積平原,地(di)(di)表層200米以內(nei)主要是泥沙(sha)層。地(di)(di)源熱(re)(re)(re)泵需(xu)(xu)要往地(di)(di)下(xia)鉆孔打井80~100米深,泥沙(sha)層非常適(shi)合(he)鉆井作(zuo)業,從而(er)大大降低(di)了地(di)(di)源熱(re)(re)(re)泵打井的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本花(hua)費(fei)(fei)。另外(wai),根(gen)據祝融(rong)環境多(duo)年實踐(jian)證明,上(shang)(shang)海的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)壤結構換熱(re)(re)(re)性(xing)能良好(hao)。總(zong)的(de)(de)(de)來說,上(shang)(shang)海這(zhe)種(zhong)特殊的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)質環境在(zai)地(di)(di)源熱(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)安裝上(shang)(shang)優勢明顯。另外(wai),上(shang)(shang)海屬于(yu)亞熱(re)(re)(re)帶季(ji)風氣候,夏(xia)季(ji)炎(yan)熱(re)(re)(re)需(xu)(xu)要制(zhi)冷(leng)90~120天、冬(dong)季(ji)陰濕需(xu)(xu)要供(gong)暖(nuan)120~150天,而(er)令人適(shi)宜的(de)(de)(de)春秋兩季(ji)都很(hen)短(duan)暫。通過地(di)(di)源熱(re)(re)(re)泵解(jie)決制(zhi)冷(leng)可以節(jie)省30%左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)用(yong),供(gong)暖(nuan)可以節(jie)省40%左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)用(yong),全年節(jie)省的(de)(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)用(yong)可觀。上(shang)(shang)海屬于(yu)冬(dong)冷(leng)夏(xia)熱(re)(re)(re)地(di)(di)區,夏(xia)季(ji)室內(nei)制(zhi)冷(leng)時,地(di)(di)源熱(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)統將熱(re)(re)(re)量排除到地(di)(di)下(xia),又在(zai)冬(dong)天室內(nei)供(gong)暖(nuan)時從地(di)(di)下(xia)取出(chu)熱(re)(re)(re)量,有利(li)于(yu)地(di)(di)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)平衡。
地源熱泵利用淺層地熱能換熱,可真正意義上實現清潔制冷供暖。在節能環保效益上,以祝融環境別墅地源熱泵系統為例(li),總體能(neng)達到比(bi)普(pu)通中央空調(diao)節能(neng)30%左(zuo)右(you),比(bi)燃氣鍋爐地暖節能(neng)40%左(zuo)右(you)的效(xiao)果。祝融環(huan)境(jing)多(duo)年堅持在(zai)江浙滬一帶推廣別(bie)墅地源熱泵,就是看到了它兼具(ju)了舒適穩(wen)定和節能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)的特性,在(zai)給他(ta)人帶去舒適便捷生活同時,也履行(xing)了保(bao)(bao)護地區環(huan)境(jing)的社會(hui)責任(ren),支持了國(guo)家節能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)的基本(ben)國(guo)策。
上海做地源熱(re)泵比水源熱(re)泵更適合
水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)(beng)因為直接抽(chou)取(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui),容易造成(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污染,以及造成(cheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位的(de)下(xia)降(jiang),上海(hai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區是不(bu)允(yun)許(xu)抽(chou)取(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui),因此,水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)(beng)受到了限制(zhi)。與水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)(beng)相比(bi)較,地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)(beng)只是通過(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)土壤換熱,不(bu)影響地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位,所以上海(hai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區更適合做地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱泵(beng)(beng)。
事(shi)實證明(ming),地(di)源熱泵(beng)在上海地(di)區是非常適(shi)合的,近年來,地(di)源熱泵(beng)成為(wei)別墅裝修時的首選。