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地源熱泵技術原理分析

文章出處:   責任編輯:   發布時間:2020-03-15 20:25:52    點擊數:-   【

從四十年代的手搖摺扇,到六十年代的電風扇,再到八九十年代的分體式空調、中央空調,我國家庭制冷設備經歷了多次更新換代。現在,地源熱泵成為最新的選擇走進我們的生活。下面,祝融環境地(di)源熱(re)(re)泵專家帶您一起來認識什么(me)是(shi)地(di)源熱(re)(re)泵,了(le)解地(di)源熱(re)(re)泵工作(zuo)原理,看看它是(shi)如何實現(xian)空調制冷(leng)、采暖(nuan)和生(sheng)活熱(re)(re)水三位一體的。

地源熱泵技術原理分析

作(zuo)為自然界(jie)的現象(xiang),正(zheng)如水由(you)高(gao)(gao)處(chu)(chu)流向(xiang)低處(chu)(chu)那樣(yang)(yang),熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量也總是(shi)(shi)從高(gao)(gao)溫流向(xiang)低溫。但人(ren)們可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)創造機器,如同把(ba)水從低處(chu)(chu)提(ti)(ti)升到(dao)高(gao)(gao)處(chu)(chu)而采(cai)用水泵(beng)那樣(yang)(yang),采(cai)用熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)把(ba)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量從低溫抽吸(xi)到(dao)高(gao)(gao)溫。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)實質上是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量提(ti)(ti)升裝(zhuang)置,它本身消(xiao)耗(hao)一(yi)部分(fen)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量,把(ba)環境介(jie)質中(zhong)貯存的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量加以(yi)(yi)挖掘(jue),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)溫位(wei)(wei)進(jin)行利用,而整個熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)裝(zhuang)置所(suo)消(xiao)耗(hao)的功(gong)僅為供熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量的三分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)或更低,這(zhe)也是(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)的節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)特(te)點(dian)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)從自然界(jie)的空氣、水或土壤中(zhong)獲取(qu)低品位(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re),經(jing)(jing)過電力做功(gong),輸出可(ke)(ke)用的高(gao)(gao)品位(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的設備,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)把(ba)消(xiao)耗(hao)的高(gao)(gao)品位(wei)(wei)電能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換為3倍甚至(zhi)3倍以(yi)(yi)上的熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種高(gao)(gao)效供能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術(shu)(shu)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技術(shu)(shu)在空調領域(yu)的應用可(ke)(ke)分(fen)為空氣源熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)、水源熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)以(yi)(yi)及地源熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)三類。由(you)于熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)是(shi)(shi)提(ti)(ti)取(qu)自然界(jie)中(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量,效率高(gao)(gao),沒有任何污(wu)染物排(pai)放,是(shi)(shi)當今最清潔、經(jing)(jing)濟的能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源方式。在資(zi)源越來越匱乏(fa)的今天,作(zuo)為人(ren)類利用低溫熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的最先進(jin)方式,熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)技術(shu)(shu)已經(jing)(jing)在全世(shi)界(jie)范(fan)圍內受到(dao)廣泛關注(zhu)和(he)重視。

地源熱泵技術原理分析

地源熱泵— 地源熱泵(也稱地熱泵)是利用地下常溫土壤和地下水相對穩定的特性,通過深埋于建筑物周圍的管路系統或地下水,采用熱泵原理,通過少量的高位電能輸入,實現低位熱能向高位熱能轉移與建筑物完成熱交換的一種技術。地源熱泵空調系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)主要分(fen)為三個部分(fen):室外(wai)地(di)(di)能換熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)泵機組(zu)(zu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和室內(nei)采(cai)暖空調末端系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。其中水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)泵機組(zu)(zu)主要有兩種形式:水(shui)(shui)-水(shui)(shui)型機組(zu)(zu)或水(shui)(shui)-空氣(qi)型機組(zu)(zu)。三個系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)之間靠水(shui)(shui)或空氣(qi)換熱(re)介(jie)質進行熱(re)量(liang)的傳遞(di),水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)泵與地(di)(di)能之間換熱(re)介(jie)質為水(shui)(shui),與建筑(zhu)物采(cai)暖空調末端換熱(re)介(jie)質可以是(shi)水(shui)(shui)或空氣(qi)。

地源熱泵技術原理分析

地源(yuan)熱泵(beng)可以(yi)做到集(ji)采暖、空(kong)調制冷(leng)和生活熱水于一身,一套地源(yuan)熱泵(beng)可以(yi)替(ti)換原有的供熱鍋爐、制冷(leng)空(kong)調和生活熱水加(jia)熱的三(san)套裝置或系(xi)統(tong),從(cong)而也增加(jia)的經濟性。下面(mian),我們將(jiang)從(cong)夏季(ji)、過渡季(ji)節、冬季(ji)三(san)方面(mian),來(lai)全面(mian)分(fen)析地源(yuan)熱泵(beng)工作原理圖。

地源熱泵原理

地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵工(gong)作原(yuan)理(li)是(shi):冬季,熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵機(ji)組(zu)從(cong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)(淺層水(shui)(shui)體(ti)或巖(yan)土體(ti))中(zhong)吸(xi)收(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang),向建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)供(gong)暖(nuan);夏(xia)季,熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵機(ji)組(zu)從(cong)室(shi)內吸(xi)收(shou)(shou)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)并轉移(yi)釋放到地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)中(zhong),實現(xian)建(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)空(kong)調(diao)制(zhi)冷(leng)。根據地(di)(di)(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)形式的(de)不(bu)同(tong),地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)分為地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)埋(mai)管地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。 地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵制(zhi)冷(leng)原(yuan)理(li): 地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)制(zhi)冷(leng)狀態下(xia),地(di)(di)(di)(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵機(ji)組(zu)內的(de)壓縮機(ji)對冷(leng)媒(mei)做功(gong),使其(qi)進行汽(qi)-液轉化的(de)循環。通(tong)過冷(leng)媒(mei)/空(kong)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)器內冷(leng)媒(mei)的(de)蒸發將(jiang)室(shi)內空(kong)氣(qi)循環所(suo)攜(xie)帶(dai)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)吸(xi)收(shou)(shou)至冷(leng)媒(mei)中(zhong),在(zai)冷(leng)媒(mei)循環的(de)同(tong)時再(zai)通(tong)過冷(leng)媒(mei)/水(shui)(shui)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)器內冷(leng)媒(mei)的(de)冷(leng)凝(ning),由循環水(shui)(shui)路將(jiang)冷(leng)媒(mei)中(zhong)所(suo)攜(xie)帶(dai)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)吸(xi)收(shou)(shou),最終(zhong)通(tong)過室(shi)外地(di)(di)(di)(di)能換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)轉移(yi)至地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)或土壤里。在(zai)室(shi)內熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)量(liang)通(tong)過室(shi)內采暖(nuan)空(kong)調(diao)末端系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)泵機(ji)組(zu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和室(shi)外地(di)(di)(di)(di)能換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)斷(duan)轉移(yi)至地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)的(de)過程中(zhong),通(tong)過冷(leng)媒(mei)-空(kong)氣(qi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)器(風(feng)機(ji)盤(pan)管),以13℃以下(xia)的(de)冷(leng)風(feng)的(de)形式為房供(gong)冷(leng)。

地源熱泵技術原理分析

地源熱(re)泵制熱(re)原理(li):

地(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)系(xi)(xi)統在制(zhi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)狀態下(xia),地(di)源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)機(ji)(ji)組內(nei)的(de)(de)壓縮(suo)機(ji)(ji)對(dui)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)做功,并通過(guo)四通閥將(jiang)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)流動方向換(huan)向。由(you)室(shi)(shi)外地(di)能換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統吸(xi)(xi)收地(di)下(xia)水或土(tu)壤里的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量,通過(guo)水源(yuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)泵(beng)機(ji)(ji)組系(xi)(xi)統內(nei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)蒸發,將(jiang)水路(lu)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)中的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量吸(xi)(xi)收至冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)中,在冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)循(xun)環(huan)(huan)的(de)(de)同時再通過(guo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)/空(kong)氣熱(re)(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)器內(nei)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)凝,由(you)空(kong)氣循(xun)環(huan)(huan)將(jiang)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)媒(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)所攜(xie)帶(dai)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量吸(xi)(xi)收。在地(di)下(xia)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)量不(bu)斷轉(zhuan)移至室(shi)(shi)內(nei)的(de)(de)過(guo)程中,以室(shi)(shi)內(nei)采暖空(kong)調末端(duan)系(xi)(xi)統向室(shi)(shi)內(nei)供暖。

地源熱泵技術原理分析